Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

🚨 Symptoms

Fatigue, edema, foamy urine, hematuria, hypertension, nausea, loss of appetite, muscle cramps, pruritus, cognitive impairment

🔍 Causes

Diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, recurrent infections, obstructive uropathy

💊 Treatment

Control underlying condition (BP, glucose), dietary modifications (low protein, low salt, potassium restriction), medications, dialysis, transplantation

📝 Nursing Care

Monitor renal function, electrolytes; educate on diet and medications; assess for fluid overload; prepare for dialysis/transplant if needed

Source: NHS Scotland. For educational purposes only.