Epilepsy

🚨 Symptoms

Recurrent seizures (focal or generalized); types: tonic-clonic (convulsions), absence (staring spells), focal (aware or impaired awareness), myoclonic

🔍 Causes

Genetic, brain injury, stroke, brain tumor, infections, developmental disorders; often unknown

💊 Treatment

Antiepileptic drugs (choice based on seizure type), vagus nerve stimulation, responsive neurostimulation, ketogenic diet, surgery

📝 Nursing Care

Seizure precautions, safety during seizures, medication adherence, seizure diary, educate on triggers, SUDEP awareness, first aid

Source: NHS Scotland. For educational purposes only.