Pneumonia

🚨 Symptoms

Fever, chills, productive cough (rust-colored or purulent sputum), pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, tachypnea, fatigue, confusion in elderly

🔍 Causes

Bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae most common), viral (influenza, RSV), fungal; aspiration; immunocompromised state

💊 Treatment

Antibiotics (based on organism and severity), oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, antipyretics, hydration, chest physiotherapy, hospitalization if severe

📝 Nursing Care

Monitor respiratory status, oxygen saturation; encourage deep breathing and coughing; administer medications; provide rest; elevate head of bed; educate on pneumococcal vaccine

Source: NHS Scotland. For educational purposes only.